Ditch AsyncHTTPClient in favor of URLSession (#260)

* tart create: support fetching URLs specified in the --from-ipsw option

* Use x-amz-meta-digest-sha256 header to cache IPSWs

Package.resolved

@@ -1,14 +1,5 @@
 {
   "pins" : [
-    {
-      "identity" : "async-http-client",
-      "kind" : "remoteSourceControl",
-      "location" : "https://github.com/swift-server/async-http-client",
-      "state" : {
-        "revision" : "df87a860fdc41a595d5ca67f74cde9adbccc099a",
-        "version" : "1.11.4"
-      }
-    },
     {
       "identity" : "dynamic",
       "kind" : "remoteSourceControl",
@@ -37,12 +28,12 @@
       }
     },
     {
-      "identity" : "swift-atomics",
+      "identity" : "swift-async-algorithms",
       "kind" : "remoteSourceControl",
-      "location" : "https://github.com/apple/swift-atomics.git",
+      "location" : "https://github.com/apple/swift-async-algorithms",
       "state" : {
-        "revision" : "919eb1d83e02121cdb434c7bfc1f0c66ef17febe",
-        "version" : "1.0.2"
+        "branch" : "main",
+        "revision" : "f05e450f0b909c0e80670a47516c4b9700b9e5da"
       }
     },
     {
@@ -55,57 +46,12 @@
       }
     },
     {
-      "identity" : "swift-log",
+      "identity" : "swift-collections",
       "kind" : "remoteSourceControl",
-      "location" : "https://github.com/apple/swift-log.git",
+      "location" : "https://github.com/apple/swift-collections.git",
       "state" : {
-        "revision" : "5d66f7ba25daf4f94100e7022febf3c75e37a6c7",
-        "version" : "1.4.2"
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "identity" : "swift-nio",
-      "kind" : "remoteSourceControl",
-      "location" : "https://github.com/apple/swift-nio.git",
-      "state" : {
-        "revision" : "124119f0bb12384cef35aa041d7c3a686108722d",
-        "version" : "2.40.0"
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "identity" : "swift-nio-extras",
-      "kind" : "remoteSourceControl",
-      "location" : "https://github.com/apple/swift-nio-extras.git",
-      "state" : {
-        "revision" : "8eea84ec6144167354387ef9244b0939f5852dc8",
-        "version" : "1.11.0"
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "identity" : "swift-nio-http2",
-      "kind" : "remoteSourceControl",
-      "location" : "https://github.com/apple/swift-nio-http2.git",
-      "state" : {
-        "revision" : "108ac15087ea9b79abb6f6742699cf31de0e8772",
-        "version" : "1.22.0"
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "identity" : "swift-nio-ssl",
-      "kind" : "remoteSourceControl",
-      "location" : "https://github.com/apple/swift-nio-ssl.git",
-      "state" : {
-        "revision" : "1750873bce84b4129b5303655cce2c3d35b9ed3a",
-        "version" : "2.19.0"
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "identity" : "swift-nio-transport-services",
-      "kind" : "remoteSourceControl",
-      "location" : "https://github.com/apple/swift-nio-transport-services.git",
-      "state" : {
-        "revision" : "1a4692acb88156e3da1b0c6732a8a38b2a744166",
-        "version" : "1.12.0"
+        "revision" : "f504716c27d2e5d4144fa4794b12129301d17729",
+        "version" : "1.0.3"
       }
     },
     {

Package.swift

@@ -13,15 +13,15 @@ let package = Package(
     .package(url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-argument-parser", from: "1.1.2"),
     .package(url: "https://github.com/mhdhejazi/Dynamic", branch: "master"),
     .package(url: "https://github.com/pointfreeco/swift-parsing", from: "0.9.2"),
-    .package(url: "https://github.com/swift-server/async-http-client", from: "1.11.4"),
     .package(url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-algorithms", from: "1.0.0"),
+    .package(url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-async-algorithms", branch: "main"),
     .package(url: "https://github.com/malcommac/SwiftDate", from: "6.3.1")
   ],
   targets: [
     .executableTarget(name: "tart", dependencies: [
       .product(name: "Algorithms", package: "swift-algorithms"),
+      .product(name: "AsyncAlgorithms", package: "swift-async-algorithms"),
       .product(name: "ArgumentParser", package: "swift-argument-parser"),
-      .product(name: "AsyncHTTPClient", package: "async-http-client"),
       .product(name: "Dynamic", package: "Dynamic"),
       .product(name: "Parsing", package: "swift-parsing"),
       .product(name: "SwiftDate", package: "SwiftDate"),

Sources/tart/Commands/Create.swift

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ struct Create: AsyncParsableCommand {
   @Argument(help: "VM name")
   var name: String
 
-  @Option(help: ArgumentHelp("create a macOS VM using path to the IPSW file (or \"latest\") to fetch the latest appropriate IPSW", valueName: "path"))
+  @Option(help: ArgumentHelp("create a macOS VM using path to the IPSW file or URL (or \"latest\", to fetch the latest supported IPSW automatically)", valueName: "path"))
   var fromIPSW: String?
 
   @Flag(help: "create a Linux VM")
@@ -34,11 +34,17 @@ struct Create: AsyncParsableCommand {
 
       try await withTaskCancellationHandler(operation: {
         if let fromIPSW = fromIPSW {
+          let ipswURL: URL
+
           if fromIPSW == "latest" {
-            _ = try await VM(vmDir: tmpVMDir, ipswURL: nil, diskSizeGB: diskSize)
+            ipswURL = try await VM.latestIPSWURL()
+          } else if fromIPSW.starts(with: "http://") || fromIPSW.starts(with: "https://") {
+            ipswURL = URL(string: fromIPSW)!
           } else {
-            _ = try await VM(vmDir: tmpVMDir, ipswURL: URL(fileURLWithPath: fromIPSW), diskSizeGB: diskSize)
+            ipswURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: fromIPSW)
           }
+
+          _ = try await VM(vmDir: tmpVMDir, ipswURL: ipswURL, diskSizeGB: diskSize)
         }
 
         if linux {

Sources/tart/Commands/Delete.swift

@@ -6,11 +6,13 @@ struct Delete: AsyncParsableCommand {
   static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(abstract: "Delete a VM")
 
   @Argument(help: "VM name")
-  var name: String
+  var name: [String]
 
   func run() async throws {
     do {
-      try VMStorageHelper.delete(name)
+      for it in name {
+        try VMStorageHelper.delete(it)
+      }
 
       Foundation.exit(0)
     } catch {

Sources/tart/IPSWCache.swift

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ class IPSWCache: PrunableStorage {
     try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: baseURL, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
   }
 
-  func locationFor(image: VZMacOSRestoreImage) -> URL {
-    baseURL.appendingPathComponent("\(image.buildVersion).ipsw", isDirectory: false)
+  func locationFor(fileName: String) -> URL {
+    baseURL.appendingPathComponent(fileName, isDirectory: false)
   }
 
   func prunables() throws -> [Prunable] {

Sources/tart/OCI/Registry.swift

@@ -1,28 +1,44 @@
 import Foundation
-import NIOCore
-import NIOHTTP1
-import AsyncHTTPClient
 import Algorithms
-import NIOPosix
+import AsyncAlgorithms
+
+let chunkSizeBytes = 1 * 1024 * 1024
 
 enum RegistryError: Error {
-  case UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: String, code: UInt, details: String = "")
+  case UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: String, code: Int, details: String = "")
   case MissingLocationHeader
   case AuthFailed(why: String, details: String = "")
   case MalformedHeader(why: String)
 }
 
-extension HTTPClientResponse.Body {
-  func readTextResponse() async throws -> String? {
-    let data = try await readResponse()
-    return String(decoding: data, as: UTF8.self)
-  }
+enum HTTPMethod: String {
+  case GET = "GET"
+  case POST = "POST"
+  case PUT = "PUT"
+  case PATCH = "PATCH"
+}
 
-  func readResponse() async throws -> Data {
+enum HTTPCode: Int {
+  case Ok = 200
+  case Created = 201
+  case Accepted = 202
+  case Unauthorized = 401
+}
+
+extension Data {
+  func asText() async throws -> String? {
+    String(decoding: self, as: UTF8.self)
+  }
+}
+
+extension URLSession.AsyncBytes {
+  func asData() async throws -> Data {
     var result = Data()
-    for try await part in self {
-      result.append(Data(buffer: part))
+
+    for try await chunk in chunks(ofCount: chunkSizeBytes) {
+      result += chunk
     }
+
     return result
   }
 }
@@ -78,14 +94,6 @@ struct TokenResponse: Decodable, Authentication {
 }
 
 class Registry {
-  private let httpClient = HTTPClient(
-    eventLoopGroupProvider: .shared(MultiThreadedEventLoopGroup(numberOfThreads: 1))
-  )
-
-  deinit {
-    try! httpClient.syncShutdown()
-  }
-
   let baseURL: URL
   let namespace: String
   let credentialsProviders: [CredentialsProvider]
@@ -114,43 +122,43 @@ class Registry {
   }
 
   func ping() async throws {
-    let response = try await endpointRequest(.GET, "/v2/")
-    if response.status != .ok {
-      throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "doing ping", code: response.status.code)
+    let (_, response) = try await endpointRequest(.GET, "/v2/")
+    if response.statusCode != HTTPCode.Ok.rawValue {
+      throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "doing ping", code: response.statusCode)
     }
   }
 
   func pushManifest(reference: String, manifest: OCIManifest) async throws -> String {
     let manifestJSON = try manifest.toJSON()
 
-    let response = try await endpointRequest(.PUT, "\(namespace)/manifests/\(reference)",
+    let (bytes, response) = try await endpointRequest(.PUT, "\(namespace)/manifests/\(reference)",
       headers: ["Content-Type": manifest.mediaType],
       body: manifestJSON)
-    if response.status != .created {
-      throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "pushing manifest", code: response.status.code,
-        details: try await response.body.readTextResponse() ?? "")
+    if response.statusCode != HTTPCode.Created.rawValue {
+      throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "pushing manifest", code: response.statusCode,
+        details: try await bytes.asData().asText() ?? "")
     }
 
     return Digest.hash(manifestJSON)
   }
 
   public func pullManifest(reference: String) async throws -> (OCIManifest, Data) {
-    let response = try await endpointRequest(.GET, "\(namespace)/manifests/\(reference)",
+    let (bytes, response) = try await endpointRequest(.GET, "\(namespace)/manifests/\(reference)",
       headers: ["Accept": ociManifestMediaType])
-    if response.status != .ok {
-      let body = try await response.body.readTextResponse()
-      throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "pulling manifest", code: response.status.code,
+    if response.statusCode != HTTPCode.Ok.rawValue {
+      let body = try await bytes.asData().asText()
+      throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "pulling manifest", code: response.statusCode,
         details: body ?? "")
     }
 
-    let manifestData = try await response.body.readResponse()
+    let manifestData = try await bytes.asData()
     let manifest = try OCIManifest(fromJSON: manifestData)
 
     return (manifest, manifestData)
   }
 
-  private func uploadLocationFromResponse(_ response: HTTPClientResponse) throws -> URLComponents {
-    guard let uploadLocationRaw = response.headers.first(name: "Location") else {
+  private func uploadLocationFromResponse(_ response: HTTPURLResponse) throws -> URLComponents {
+    guard let uploadLocationRaw = response.value(forHTTPHeaderField: "Location") else {
       throw RegistryError.MissingLocationHeader
     }
 
@@ -163,11 +171,11 @@ class Registry {
 
   public func pushBlob(fromData: Data, chunkSizeMb: Int = 0) async throws -> String {
     // Initiate a blob upload
-    let postResponse = try await endpointRequest(.POST, "\(namespace)/blobs/uploads/",
+    let (bytes, postResponse) = try await endpointRequest(.POST, "\(namespace)/blobs/uploads/",
       headers: ["Content-Length": "0"])
-    if postResponse.status != .accepted {
-      let body = try await postResponse.body.readTextResponse()
-      throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "pushing blob (POST)", code: postResponse.status.code,
+    if postResponse.statusCode != HTTPCode.Accepted.rawValue {
+      let body = try await bytes.asData().asText()
+      throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "pushing blob (POST)", code: postResponse.statusCode,
         details: body ?? "")
     }
 
@@ -178,7 +186,7 @@ class Registry {
     
     if chunkSizeMb == 0 {
       // monolithic upload
-      let response = try await rawRequest(
+      let (bytes, response) = try await rawRequest(
         .PUT,
         uploadLocation,
         headers: [
@@ -187,10 +195,10 @@ class Registry {
         parameters: ["digest": digest],
         body: fromData
       )
-      if response.status != .created {
-        let body = try await response.body.readTextResponse()
+      if response.statusCode != HTTPCode.Created.rawValue {
+        let body = try await bytes.asData().asText()
         throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "pushing blob (PUT) to \(uploadLocation)",
-          code: response.status.code, details: body ?? "")
+          code: response.statusCode, details: body ?? "")
       }
       return digest
     }
@@ -200,7 +208,7 @@ class Registry {
     let chunks = fromData.chunks(ofCount: chunkSizeMb == 0 ? fromData.count : chunkSizeMb * 1_000_000)
     for (index, chunk) in chunks.enumerated() {
       let lastChunk = index == (chunks.count - 1)
-      let response = try await rawRequest(
+      let (bytes, response) = try await rawRequest(
         lastChunk ? .PUT : .PATCH, 
         uploadLocation,
         headers: [
@@ -210,11 +218,11 @@ class Registry {
         parameters: lastChunk ? ["digest": digest] : [:],
         body: chunk
       )
-      let expectedStatus: HTTPResponseStatus = lastChunk ? .created : .accepted
-      if response.status != expectedStatus {
-        let body = try await response.body.readTextResponse()
+      let expectedStatus = lastChunk ? HTTPCode.Created.rawValue : HTTPCode.Accepted.rawValue
+      if response.statusCode != expectedStatus {
+        let body = try await bytes.asData().asText()
         throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "streaming blob to \(uploadLocation)",
-          code: response.status.code, details: body ?? "")
+          code: response.statusCode, details: body ?? "")
       }
       uploadedBytes += chunk.count
       // Update location for the next chunk
@@ -224,18 +232,18 @@ class Registry {
     return digest
   }
 
-  public func pullBlob(_ digest: String, handler: (ByteBuffer) throws -> Void) async throws {
-    let response = try await endpointRequest(.GET, "\(namespace)/blobs/\(digest)")
-    if response.status != .ok {
-      let body = try await response.body.readTextResponse()
-      throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "pulling blob", code: response.status.code,
+  public func pullBlob(_ digest: String, handler: (Data) throws -> Void) async throws {
+    let (bytes, response) = try await endpointRequest(.GET, "\(namespace)/blobs/\(digest)")
+    if response.statusCode != HTTPCode.Ok.rawValue {
+      let body = try await bytes.asData().asText()
+      throw RegistryError.UnexpectedHTTPStatusCode(when: "pulling blob", code: response.statusCode,
         details: body ?? "")
     }
 
-    for try await part in response.body {
+    for try await part in bytes.chunks(ofCount: chunkSizeBytes) {
       try Task.checkCancellation()
 
-      try handler(part)
+      try handler(Data(part))
     }
   }
 
@@ -245,7 +253,7 @@ class Registry {
     headers: Dictionary<String, String> = Dictionary(),
     parameters: Dictionary<String, String> = Dictionary(),
     body: Data? = nil
-  ) async throws -> HTTPClientResponse {
+  ) async throws -> (URLSession.AsyncBytes, HTTPURLResponse) {
     let url = URL(string: endpoint, relativeTo: baseURL)!
     let urlComponents = URLComponents(url: url, resolvingAgainstBaseURL: true)!
 
@@ -259,7 +267,7 @@ class Registry {
     parameters: Dictionary<String, String> = Dictionary(),
     body: Data? = nil,
     doAuth: Bool = true
-  ) async throws -> HTTPClientResponse {
+  ) async throws -> (URLSession.AsyncBytes, HTTPURLResponse) {
     var urlComponents = urlComponents
 
     if urlComponents.queryItems == nil && !parameters.isEmpty {
@@ -269,14 +277,14 @@ class Registry {
       URLQueryItem(name: key, value: value)
     })
 
-    var request = HTTPClientRequest(url: urlComponents.string!)
-    request.method = method
+    var request = URLRequest(url: urlComponents.url!)
+    request.httpMethod = method.rawValue
     for (key, value) in headers {
-      request.headers.add(name: key, value: value)
+      request.addValue(value, forHTTPHeaderField: key)
     }
-    if body != nil {
-      request.headers.add(name: "Content-Length", value: "\(body!.count)")
-      request.body = HTTPClientRequest.Body.bytes(body!)
+    if let body = body {
+      request.addValue("\(body.count)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Length")
+      request.httpBody = body
     }
 
     // Invalidate token if it has expired
@@ -284,19 +292,19 @@ class Registry {
       currentAuthToken = nil
     }
 
-    var response = try await authAwareRequest(request: request)
+    var (bytes, response) = try await authAwareRequest(request: request)
 
-    if doAuth && response.status == .unauthorized {
+    if doAuth && response.statusCode == HTTPCode.Unauthorized.rawValue {
       try await auth(response: response)
-      response = try await authAwareRequest(request: request)
+      (bytes, response) = try await authAwareRequest(request: request)
     }
 
-    return response
+    return (bytes, response)
   }
 
-  private func auth(response: HTTPClientResponse) async throws {
+  private func auth(response: HTTPURLResponse) async throws {
     // Process WWW-Authenticate header
-    guard let wwwAuthenticateRaw = response.headers.first(name: "WWW-Authenticate") else {
+    guard let wwwAuthenticateRaw = response.value(forHTTPHeaderField: "WWW-Authenticate") else {
       throw RegistryError.AuthFailed(why: "got HTTP 401, but WWW-Authenticate header is missing")
     }
 
@@ -345,14 +353,14 @@ class Registry {
       headers["Authorization"] = "Basic \(encodedCredentials!)"
     }
 
-    let response = try await rawRequest(.GET, authenticateURL, headers: headers, doAuth: false)
-    if response.status != .ok {
-      let body = try await response.body.readTextResponse() ?? ""
-      throw RegistryError.AuthFailed(why: "received unexpected HTTP status code \(response.status.code) "
+    let (bytes, response) = try await rawRequest(.GET, authenticateURL, headers: headers, doAuth: false)
+    if response.statusCode != HTTPCode.Ok.rawValue {
+      let body = try await bytes.asData() .asText() ?? ""
+      throw RegistryError.AuthFailed(why: "received unexpected HTTP status code \(response.statusCode) "
         + "while retrieving an authentication token", details: body)
     }
 
-    let bodyData = try await response.body.readResponse()
+    let bodyData = try await bytes.asData()
     currentAuthToken = try TokenResponse.parse(fromData: bodyData)
   }
 
@@ -365,14 +373,16 @@ class Registry {
     return nil
   }
 
-  private func authAwareRequest(request: HTTPClientRequest) async throws -> HTTPClientResponse {
+  private func authAwareRequest(request: URLRequest) async throws -> (URLSession.AsyncBytes, HTTPURLResponse) {
     var request = request
 
     if let token = currentAuthToken {
       let (name, value) = token.header()
-      request.headers.add(name: name, value: value)
+      request.addValue(value, forHTTPHeaderField: name)
     }
 
-    return try await httpClient.execute(request, deadline: .distantFuture)
+    let (bytes, response) = try await URLSession.shared.bytes(for: request)
+
+    return (bytes, response as! HTTPURLResponse)
   }
 }

Sources/tart/VM.swift

@@ -60,26 +60,29 @@ class VM: NSObject, VZVirtualMachineDelegate, ObservableObject {
     virtualMachine.delegate = self
   }
 
-  static func retrieveLatestIPSW() async throws -> URL {
-    defaultLogger.appendNewLine("Looking up the latest supported IPSW...")
-    let image = try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { continuation in
-      VZMacOSRestoreImage.fetchLatestSupported() { result in
-        continuation.resume(with: result)
+  static func retrieveIPSW(remoteURL: URL) async throws -> URL {
+    // Check if we already have this IPSW in cache
+    var request = URLRequest(url: remoteURL)
+    request.httpMethod = "HEAD"
+    let (_, response) = try await URLSession.shared.data(for: request)
+    let httpURLResponse = response as! HTTPURLResponse
+
+    if let hash = httpURLResponse.value(forHTTPHeaderField: "x-amz-meta-digest-sha256") {
+      let ipswLocation = try IPSWCache().locationFor(fileName: "sha256:\(hash).ipsw")
+
+      if FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: ipswLocation.path) {
+        defaultLogger.appendNewLine("Using cached *.ipsw file...")
+        try ipswLocation.updateAccessDate()
+
+        return ipswLocation
       }
     }
 
-    let expectedIPSWLocation = try IPSWCache().locationFor(image: image)
-
-    if FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: expectedIPSWLocation.path) {
-      defaultLogger.appendNewLine("Using cached *.ipsw file...")
-      try expectedIPSWLocation.updateAccessDate()
-      return expectedIPSWLocation
-    }
-
-    defaultLogger.appendNewLine("Fetching \(expectedIPSWLocation.lastPathComponent)...")
+    // Download the IPSW
+    defaultLogger.appendNewLine("Fetching \(remoteURL.lastPathComponent)...")
 
     let data: Data = try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { continuation in
-      let downloadedTask = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: image.url) { data, response, error in
+      let downloadedTask = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: remoteURL) { data, response, error in
         if error != nil {
           continuation.resume(throwing: error!)
           return
@@ -94,10 +97,24 @@ class VM: NSObject, VZVirtualMachineDelegate, ObservableObject {
       downloadedTask.resume()
     }
 
-    try data.write(to: expectedIPSWLocation, options: [.atomic])
-    return expectedIPSWLocation
+    let ipswLocation = try IPSWCache().locationFor(fileName: Digest.hash(data) + ".ipsw")
+    try data.write(to: ipswLocation, options: [.atomic])
+
+    return ipswLocation
   }
-  
+
+  static func latestIPSWURL() async throws -> URL {
+    defaultLogger.appendNewLine("Looking up the latest supported IPSW...")
+
+    let image = try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { continuation in
+      VZMacOSRestoreImage.fetchLatestSupported() { result in
+        continuation.resume(with: result)
+      }
+    }
+
+    return image.url
+  }
+
   var inFinalState: Bool {
     get {
       virtualMachine.state == VZVirtualMachine.State.stopped ||
@@ -109,12 +126,16 @@ class VM: NSObject, VZVirtualMachineDelegate, ObservableObject {
 
   init(
     vmDir: VMDirectory,
-    ipswURL: URL?,
+    ipswURL: URL,
     diskSizeGB: UInt16,
     network: Network = NetworkShared(),
     additionalDiskAttachments: [VZDiskImageStorageDeviceAttachment] = []
   ) async throws {
-    let ipswURL = ipswURL != nil ? ipswURL! : try await VM.retrieveLatestIPSW();
+    var ipswURL = ipswURL
+
+    if !ipswURL.isFileURL {
+      ipswURL = try await VM.retrieveIPSW(remoteURL: ipswURL)
+    }
 
     // Load the restore image and try to get the requirements
     // that match both the image and our platform
@@ -158,7 +179,7 @@ class VM: NSObject, VZVirtualMachineDelegate, ObservableObject {
 
     // Run automated installation
     try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { (continuation: CheckedContinuation<Void, Error>) in
-      DispatchQueue.main.async {
+      DispatchQueue.main.async { [ipswURL] in
         let installer = VZMacOSInstaller(virtualMachine: self.virtualMachine, restoringFromImageAt: ipswURL)
 
         defaultLogger.appendNewLine("Installing OS...")

Sources/tart/VMDirectory+OCI.swift

@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ extension VMDirectory {
       throw OCIError.FailedToCreateVmFile
     }
     let configFile = try FileHandle(forWritingTo: configURL)
-    try await registry.pullBlob(configLayers.first!.digest) { buffer in
-      configFile.write(Data(buffer: buffer))
+    try await registry.pullBlob(configLayers.first!.digest) { data in
+      configFile.write(data)
     }
     try configFile.close()
 
@@ -70,8 +70,7 @@ extension VMDirectory {
     ProgressObserver(progress).log(defaultLogger)
 
     for diskLayer in diskLayers {
-      try await registry.pullBlob(diskLayer.digest) { buffer in
-        let data = Data(buffer: buffer)
+      try await registry.pullBlob(diskLayer.digest) { data in
         try filter.write(data)
         progress.completedUnitCount += Int64(data.count)
       }
@@ -92,8 +91,8 @@ extension VMDirectory {
       throw OCIError.FailedToCreateVmFile
     }
     let nvram = try FileHandle(forWritingTo: nvramURL)
-    try await registry.pullBlob(nvramLayers.first!.digest) { buffer in
-      nvram.write(Data(buffer: buffer))
+    try await registry.pullBlob(nvramLayers.first!.digest) { data in
+      nvram.write(data)
     }
     try nvram.close()
   }

Tests/TartTests/RegistryTests.swift

@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ final class RegistryTests: XCTestCase {
 
         // Pull it
         var pulledBlob = Data()
-        try await registry.pullBlob(pushedBlobDigest) { buffer in
-            pulledBlob.append(Data(buffer: buffer))
+        try await registry.pullBlob(pushedBlobDigest) { data in
+            pulledBlob.append(data)
         }
 
         // Ensure that both blobs are identical
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ final class RegistryTests: XCTestCase {
 
         // Pull it
         var pulledLargeBlob = Data()
-        try await registry.pullBlob(largeBlobDigest) { buffer in
-            pulledLargeBlob.append(Data(buffer: buffer))       
+        try await registry.pullBlob(largeBlobDigest) { data in
+            pulledLargeBlob.append(data)
         }
 
         // Ensure that both blobs are identical