Provide a default when stdinpass variable is not set

* Parse available updates to avoid upgrading to the next macOS version

* Do not override ANSIBLE_CONFIG with our ansible.cfg

Otherwise Packer + Ansible integration goes haywire.

Instead, only modify the required variables through ansible_env_vars.

* Support Monterey

.ci/cirrus.release.yml

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 task:
   name: "Release Xcode $CIRRUS_TAG ($MACOS_VERSION)"
   matrix:
-    - env:
-        MACOS_VERSION: sonoma
     - env:
         MACOS_VERSION: sequoia
   <<: *defaults

.ci/cirrus.runner.yml

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ task:
   env:
     matrix:
       - MACOS_VERSION: sonoma
-        XCODE_VERSIONS: "16,15.4,15.3,15.2,15.1,\"15.0.1\""
-        DISK_SIZE: 340
+        XCODE_VERSIONS: "16.1,16,15.4,15.3,15.2,15.1,\"15.0.1\""
+        DISK_SIZE: 375
       - MACOS_VERSION: sequoia
-        XCODE_VERSIONS: "16.1,\"16.2-beta-3\",16,15.4"
+        XCODE_VERSIONS: "16.2,16.1,16,15.4"
         DISK_SIZE: 320
   <<: *defaults
   pull_base_script:

.ci/cirrus.vanilla.yml

@@ -1,29 +1,30 @@
-task:
-  name: "Update Vanilla Sonoma Image"
-  only_if: $CIRRUS_BRANCH == $CIRRUS_DEFAULT_BRANCH && changesInclude("templates/vanilla-sonoma.pkr.hcl")
-  <<: *defaults
-  build_script:
-    - packer init templates/vanilla-sonoma.pkr.hcl
-    - packer build templates/vanilla-sonoma.pkr.hcl
-  disable_sip_script:
-    - packer build -var vm_name=sonoma-vanilla templates/disable-sip.pkr.hcl
-  push_script:
-    - tart push sonoma-vanilla ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-sonoma-vanilla:latest ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-sonoma-vanilla:14.6
-  always:
-    cleanup_script:
-      - tart delete sonoma-vanilla
+env:
+  RESOLVE_VM_BASE_NAME: "ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-${MACOS_VERSION}-vanilla:latest"
+  RESOLVE_VM_NAME: "resolve-macos-number-task-id-${CIRRUS_TASK_ID}"
+  RESOLVE_FILE: "${RESOLVE_VM_NAME}.txt"
 
 task:
-  name: "Update Vanilla Sequoia Image"
-  only_if: $CIRRUS_BRANCH == $CIRRUS_DEFAULT_BRANCH && changesInclude("templates/vanilla-sequoia.pkr.hcl")
+  name: "Update Vanilla Image ($MACOS_VERSION)"
+  env:
+    matrix:
+      - MACOS_VERSION: sequoia
+      - MACOS_VERSION: sonoma
+      - MACOS_VERSION: ventura
+      - MACOS_VERSION: monterey
+  only_if: $CIRRUS_BRANCH == $CIRRUS_DEFAULT_BRANCH && changesInclude("templates/vanilla-$MACOS_VERSION.pkr.hcl")
   <<: *defaults
   build_script:
-    - packer init templates/vanilla-sequoia.pkr.hcl
-    - packer build templates/vanilla-sequoia.pkr.hcl
+    - packer init templates/vanilla-$MACOS_VERSION.pkr.hcl
+    - packer build templates/vanilla-$MACOS_VERSION.pkr.hcl
   disable_sip_script:
-    - packer build -var vm_name=sequoia-vanilla templates/disable-sip.pkr.hcl
+    - packer build -var vm_name=$MACOS_VERSION-vanilla templates/disable-sip.pkr.hcl
+  resolve_macos_number_script:
+    - packer build -var vm_base_name=$RESOLVE_VM_BASE_NAME -var vm_name=$RESOLVE_VM_NAME -var resolve_file=$RESOLVE_FILE templates/resolve-macos-number.pkr.hcl
+    - echo "MACOS_NUMBER=$(cat $RESOLVE_FILE)" >> $CIRRUS_ENV
+    - rm $RESOLVE_FILE
+    - tart delete $RESOLVE_VM_NAME
   push_script:
-    - tart push sequoia-vanilla ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-sequoia-vanilla:latest ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-sequoia-vanilla:15.1
+    - tart push $MACOS_VERSION-vanilla ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-$MACOS_VERSION-vanilla:latest ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-$MACOS_VERSION-vanilla:$MACOS_NUMBER
   always:
     cleanup_script:
-      - tart delete sequoia-vanilla
+      - tart delete $MACOS_VERSION-vanilla

.ci/cirrus.xcode.yml

@@ -4,17 +4,19 @@ task:
   env:
     matrix:
       - MACOS_VERSION: sequoia
-        XCODE_VERSION: 16.1
+        XCODE_VERSION: 16.2
         LATEST: true
       - MACOS_VERSION: sequoia
-        XCODE_VERSION: 16.2-beta-3
+        XCODE_VERSION: 16.1
       - MACOS_VERSION: sequoia
         XCODE_VERSION: 16
       - MACOS_VERSION: sequoia
         XCODE_VERSION: 15.4
       - MACOS_VERSION: sonoma
-        XCODE_VERSION: 16
+        XCODE_VERSION: 16.1
         LATEST: true
+      - MACOS_VERSION: sonoma
+        XCODE_VERSION: 16
       - MACOS_VERSION: sonoma
         XCODE_VERSION: 15.4
       - MACOS_VERSION: sonoma

.cirrus.star

@@ -16,14 +16,18 @@ def on_build_failed(ctx):
   if "Cron" not in ctx.payload.data.build.changeMessageTitle:
     return
 
-  resp = http.post("https://slack.com/api/chat.postMessage", headers={
+  resp = http.post(env.get("SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL"), headers={
     "Content-Type": "application/json",
-    "Authorization": "Bearer " + env.get("SLACK_TOKEN"),
   }, json_body={
-    "channel": "#image-updates",
-    "text": "Build <https://cirrus-ci.com/build/{build_id}|{build_id} (\"{change_message_title}\")> failed on branch \"{branch_name}\" in repository \"{repository_name}\".".format(
-      build_id=ctx.payload.data.build.id, change_message_title=ctx.payload.data.build.changeMessageTitle,
-      branch_name=ctx.payload.data.build.branch, repository_name=ctx.payload.data.repository.name),
+    "text": "Build {build_id} (\"{change_message_title}\") failed on branch \"{branch_name}\" in repository \"{repository_name}\".".format(
+      build_id=ctx.payload.data.build.id,
+      change_message_title=ctx.payload.data.build.changeMessageTitle,
+      branch_name=ctx.payload.data.build.branch,
+      repository_name=ctx.payload.data.repository.name,
+    ),
+    "url": "https://cirrus-ci.com/build/{build_id}".format(
+      build_id=ctx.payload.data.build.id,
+    ),
   })
 
   if resp.status_code != 200:

README.md

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ Some of the images are regularly getting rebuild in order to update the pre-inst
 monthly on the first Saturday of the month:
 
 * `ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-{sequoia,sonoma}-base`
-* `ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-runner:sonoma` which is a superset of `ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-sonoma-xcode:{latest,16,15.4,15.3,15.2,15.1,15.0.1}`
-* `ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-runner:sequoia` which is a superset of `ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-sequoia-xcode:{latest,16.1,16.2-beta-3,16,15.4}`
+* `ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-runner:sonoma` which is a superset of `ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-sonoma-xcode:{latest,16.1,16,15.4,15.3,15.2,15.1,15.0.1}`
+* `ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-runner:sequoia` which is a superset of `ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-sequoia-xcode:{latest,16.2,16.1,16,15.4}`
 
 Note that `ghcr.io/cirruslabs/macos-runner:{sequoia,sonoma}` are updated every Sunday and these images are [optimised for startup](https://cirrus-runners.app/blog/2024/04/11/optimizing-startup-time-of-cirrus-runners/)
 on Cirrus Runners and Cirrus CI services.

ansible/playbook-system-updater.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+- hosts: default
+  roles:
+    - system-updater
+  vars:
+    ansible_password: admin

ansible/roles/system-updater/tasks/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+- name: Perform first "softwareupdate" invocation
+  include_tasks: softwareupdate.yml
+
+# Needed after a major macOS update, otherwise things like
+# Command Line Tools won't be updated
+- name: Perform second "softwareupdate" invocation
+  include_tasks: softwareupdate.yml
+
+# This one looks weird, but unfortunately there's no other way around, because Homebrew
+# is not designed to run as root (see https://gist.github.com/irazasyed/7732946
+# for more details).
+- name: fix up /usr/local permissions for Homebrew
+  file:
+    path: /usr/local/share/man
+    state: directory
+    owner: "{{ ansible_user_id }}"
+    recurse: yes
+  become: yes
+
+- name: "ensure that there are no more software updates available: check for available updates"
+  command:
+    cmd: "softwareupdate --all --list"
+  register: software_updates_result
+
+- name: "ensure that there are no more software updates available: parse available updates"
+  set_fact:
+    software_updates: "{{ software_updates_result.stdout | regex_findall('\\* Label: (.*)\\n\\tTitle: (.*), Version: (.*), Size: (.*), Recommended: (.*), Action: (.*), .*') | map('zip', ['label', 'title', 'version', 'size', 'recommended', 'action']) | map('map', 'reverse') | map('community.general.dict') }}"
+
+- name: "ensure that there are no more software updates available: print available updates"
+  debug:
+    var: software_updates
+
+- name: "ensure that there are no more software updates available: fail if some updates were not installed"
+  fail:
+    msg: "Found unapplied update: {{ item.label }}"
+  loop: "{{ software_updates }}"
+  when: "not item.label.startswith('macOS') or item.version.split('.')[0] == ansible_facts['distribution_version'].split('.')[0]"

ansible/roles/system-updater/tasks/softwareupdate.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+- name: check for available updates
+  command:
+    cmd: "softwareupdate --all --list"
+  register: software_updates_result
+
+- name: parse available updates
+  set_fact:
+    software_updates: "{{ software_updates_result.stdout | regex_findall('\\* Label: (.*)\\n\\tTitle: (.*), Version: (.*), Size: (.*), Recommended: (.*), Action: (.*), .*') | map('zip', ['label', 'title', 'version', 'size', 'recommended', 'action']) | map('map', 'reverse') | map('community.general.dict') }}"
+
+- name: print available updates
+  debug:
+    var: software_updates
+
+# It seems that we must always pass "--restart" command-line argument to "softwareupdate",
+# otherwise on the OS update the "softwareupdate" will be stuck at "Downloaded: macOS [...]"
+- name: install available update
+  command:
+    cmd: "softwareupdate --install --agree-to-license --force --restart --user admin --stdinpass {{ stdinpass | default("") }} '{{ item.label }}'"
+    stdin: "{{ ansible_password }}"
+  register: update_result
+  # Work around the following:
+  # > Data could not be sent to remote host [...].
+  # > Make sure this host can be reached over ssh:
+  # > ssh: connect to host [...] port 22: Connection refused.
+  ignore_unreachable: yes
+  # Ignore SIGTERM/SIGKILL sent "softwareupdate" process
+  # when the system reboots due to --restart
+  failed_when: update_result.rc not in [0, 9, -9, 15, -15]
+  become: yes
+  loop: "{{ software_updates }}"
+  when: "not item.label.startswith('macOS') or item.version.split('.')[0] == ansible_facts['distribution_version'].split('.')[0]"
+
+# Wait for the connection since the previous command could restart the host
+- name: wait for connection
+  wait_for_connection:
+    # We need to wait long enough for the "softwareupdate" to initiate the reboot,
+    # otherwise it's possible that we'll interrupt the process by running
+    # the commands below on a non-restarted system.
+    delay: 60
+    timeout: 1800
+  when:
+    - update_result is defined
+    - not update_result.skipped

data/github_known_hosts

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+github.com ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIOMqqnkVzrm0SdG6UOoqKLsabgH5C9okWi0dh2l9GKJl
+github.com ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBEmKSENjQEezOmxkZMy7opKgwFB9nkt5YRrYMjNuG5N87uRgg6CLrbo5wAdT/y6v0mKV0U2w0WZ2YB/++Tpockg=
+github.com ssh-rsa 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

templates/base.pkr.hcl

@@ -56,16 +56,34 @@ build {
       "echo 'eval \"$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)\"' >> ~/.zprofile",
       "echo \"export HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE=1\" >> ~/.zprofile",
       "echo \"export HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP=1\" >> ~/.zprofile",
+    ]
+  }
+
+  provisioner "shell" {
+    inline = [
       "source ~/.zprofile",
       "brew --version",
       "brew update",
-      "brew install curl wget unzip zip ca-certificates cmake gcc git-lfs jq yq gh gitlab-runner",
+      "brew install wget unzip zip ca-certificates cmake gcc git-lfs jq yq gh gitlab-runner",
+      "brew install curl || true", // doesn't work on Monterey
       "brew install --cask git-credential-manager",
       "git lfs install",
       "sudo softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license"
     ]
   }
 
+  // Add GitHub to known hosts
+  // Similar to https://github.com/actions/runner-images/blob/main/images/macos/scripts/build/configure-ssh.sh
+  provisioner "shell" {
+    inline = [
+      "mkdir -p ~/.ssh"
+    ]
+  }
+  provisioner "file" {
+    source      = "data/github_known_hosts"
+    destination = "~/.ssh/known_hosts"
+  }
+
   // Install the GitHub Actions runner
   provisioner "shell" {
     script = "scripts/install-actions-runner.sh"
@@ -126,7 +144,9 @@ build {
   provisioner "shell" {
     inline = [
       "source ~/.zprofile",
-      "test -d /Users/runner"
+      "test -d /Users/runner",
+      "test -f ~/.ssh/known_hosts",
+      "brew doctor"
     ]
   }
 }

templates/resolve-macos-number.pkr.hcl

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+packer {
+  required_plugins {
+    tart = {
+      version = ">= 1.12.0"
+      source  = "github.com/cirruslabs/tart"
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+variable "vm_base_name" {
+  type = string
+}
+
+variable "vm_name" {
+  type = string
+}
+
+variable "resolve_file" {
+  type = string
+}
+
+source "tart-cli" "tart" {
+  vm_base_name = "${var.vm_base_name}"
+  vm_name      = "${var.vm_name}"
+  cpu_count    = 4
+  memory_gb    = 8
+  ssh_password = "admin"
+  ssh_username = "admin"
+  ssh_timeout  = "120s"
+}
+
+build {
+  sources = ["source.tart-cli.tart"]
+
+  provisioner "shell" {
+    inline = [
+      "sw_vers --productVersion > /tmp/sw-vers-product-version.txt",
+    ]
+  }
+
+  provisioner "file" {
+    source = "/tmp/sw-vers-product-version.txt"
+    destination = "${var.resolve_file}"
+    direction = "download"
+  }
+}

templates/vanilla-monterey.pkr.hcl

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+packer {
+  required_plugins {
+    tart = {
+      version = ">= 1.2.0"
+      source  = "github.com/cirruslabs/tart"
+    }
+    ansible = {
+      version = "~> 1"
+      source = "github.com/hashicorp/ansible"
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+source "tart-cli" "tart" {
+  # You can find macOS IPSW URLs on various websites like https://ipsw.me/
+  from_ipsw    = "https://updates.cdn-apple.com/2022FallFCS/fullrestores/012-66032/8D8D90C6-A876-4FFF-BBF4-D158939B3841/UniversalMac_12.6.1_21G217_Restore.ipsw"
+  vm_name      = "monterey-vanilla"
+  cpu_count    = 4
+  memory_gb    = 8
+  disk_size_gb = 40
+  ssh_password = "admin"
+  ssh_username = "admin"
+  ssh_timeout  = "120s"
+  boot_command = [
+    # hello, hola, bonjour, etc.
+    "<wait60s><spacebar>",
+    # Language: most of the times we have a list of "English"[1], "English (UK)", etc. with
+    # "English" language already selected. If we type "english", it'll cause us to switch
+    # to the "English (UK)", which is not what we want. To solve this, we switch to some other
+    # language first, e.g. "Italiano" and then switch back to "English". We'll then jump to the
+    # first entry in a list of "english"-prefixed items, which will be "English".
+    #
+    # [1]: should be named "English (US)", but oh well 🤷
+    "<wait30s>italiano<esc>english<enter>",
+    # Select Your Country and Region
+    "<wait30s>united states<leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    # Written and Spoken Languages
+    "<wait10s><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    # Accessibility
+    "<wait10s><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    # Data & Privacy
+    "<wait10s><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    # Migration Assistant
+    "<wait10s><tab><tab><tab><spacebar>",
+    # Sign In with Your Apple ID
+    "<wait10s><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    # Are you sure you want to skip signing in with an Apple ID?
+    "<wait10s><tab><spacebar>",
+    # Terms and Conditions
+    "<wait10s><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    # I have read and agree to the macOS Software License Agreement
+    "<wait10s><tab><spacebar>",
+    # Create a Computer Account
+    "<wait10s>admin<tab><tab>admin<tab>admin<tab><tab><tab><spacebar>",
+    # Enable Location Services
+    "<wait10s><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    # Are you sure you don't want to use Location Services?
+    "<wait10s><tab><spacebar>",
+    # Select Your Time Zone
+    "<wait10s><tab>UTC<enter><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    # Analytics
+    "<wait10s><tab><spacebar><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    # Screen Time
+    "<wait10s><tab><spacebar>",
+    # Siri
+    "<wait10s><tab><spacebar><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    # Choose Your Look
+    "<wait10s><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    # Enable Voice Over
+    "<wait10s><leftAltOn><f5><leftAltOff><wait5s>v",
+    # Now that the installation is done, open "System Preferences"
+    "<wait10s><leftAltOn><spacebar><leftAltOff>System Preferences<enter>",
+    # Navigate to "Sharing"
+    "<wait10s>sharing<enter>",
+    # Enable Screen Sharing
+    "<wait10s><tab><tab><tab><tab><spacebar>",
+    # Enable Remote Login
+    "<wait10s><down><down><down><down><spacebar><tab><tab><spacebar>",
+    # Disable Voice Over
+    "<leftAltOn><f5><leftAltOff>",
+  ]
+
+  // A (hopefully) temporary workaround for Virtualization.Framework's
+  // installation process not fully finishing in a timely manner
+  create_grace_time = "30s"
+
+  // Keep the recovery partition, otherwise it's not possible to "softwareupdate"
+  recovery_partition = "keep"
+}
+
+build {
+  sources = ["source.tart-cli.tart"]
+
+  provisioner "shell" {
+    inline = [
+      // Enable passwordless sudo
+      "echo admin | sudo -S sh -c \"echo 'admin ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL' | EDITOR=tee visudo /etc/sudoers.d/admin-nopasswd\"",
+      // Enable auto-login
+      //
+      // See https://github.com/xfreebird/kcpassword for details.
+      "echo '00000000: 1ced 3f4a bcbc ba2c caca 4e82' | sudo xxd -r - /etc/kcpassword",
+      "sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow autoLoginUser admin",
+      // Disable screensaver at login screen
+      "sudo defaults write /Library/Preferences/com.apple.screensaver loginWindowIdleTime 0",
+      // Disable screensaver for admin user
+      "defaults -currentHost write com.apple.screensaver idleTime 0",
+      // Prevent the VM from sleeping
+      "sudo systemsetup -setdisplaysleep Off 2>/dev/null",
+      "sudo systemsetup -setsleep Off 2>/dev/null",
+      "sudo systemsetup -setcomputersleep Off 2>/dev/null",
+      // Launch Safari to populate the defaults
+      "/Applications/Safari.app/Contents/MacOS/Safari &",
+      "SAFARI_PID=$!",
+      "disown",
+      "sleep 30",
+      "kill -9 $SAFARI_PID",
+      // Enable Safari's remote automation
+      "sudo safaridriver --enable",
+      // Disable screen lock
+      //
+      // Note that this only works if the user is logged-in,
+      // i.e. not on login screen.
+      "sysadminctl -screenLock off -password admin",
+    ]
+  }
+
+  provisioner "shell" {
+    inline = [
+      # Install command-line tools
+      "touch /tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress",
+      "softwareupdate --list | sed -n 's/.*Label: \\(Command Line Tools for Xcode-.*\\)/\\1/p' | xargs -I {} softwareupdate --install '{}'",
+      "rm /tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress",
+    ]
+  }
+
+  provisioner "ansible" {
+    playbook_file = "ansible/playbook-system-updater.yml"
+    extra_arguments = [
+      "--extra-vars", "stdinpass=admin",
+    ]
+    ansible_env_vars = [
+      "ANSIBLE_TRANSPORT=paramiko",
+      "ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=False",
+    ]
+    use_proxy = false
+  }
+}

templates/vanilla-sequoia.pkr.hcl

@@ -4,11 +4,15 @@ packer {
       version = ">= 1.12.0"
       source  = "github.com/cirruslabs/tart"
     }
+    ansible = {
+      version = "~> 1"
+      source = "github.com/hashicorp/ansible"
+    }
   }
 }
 
 source "tart-cli" "tart" {
-  from_ipsw    = "https://updates.cdn-apple.com/2024FallFCS/fullrestores/072-30094/44BD016F-6EE3-4EE5-8890-6F9AA008C537/UniversalMac_15.1.1_24B91_Restore.ipsw"
+  from_ipsw    = "https://updates.cdn-apple.com/2025WinterFCS/fullrestores/072-08269/7CAAB9F7-E970-428D-8764-4CD7BCD105CD/UniversalMac_15.3_24D60_Restore.ipsw"
   vm_name      = "sequoia-vanilla"
   cpu_count    = 4
   memory_gb    = 8
@@ -52,7 +56,7 @@ source "tart-cli" "tart" {
     # Are you sure you don't want to use Location Services?
     "<wait10s><tab><spacebar>",
     # Select Your Time Zone
-    "<wait10s><tab>UTC<enter><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
+    "<wait10s><tab><tab>UTC<enter><leftShiftOn><tab><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
     # Analytics
     "<wait10s><leftShiftOn><tab><leftShiftOff><spacebar>",
     # Screen Time
@@ -83,6 +87,9 @@ source "tart-cli" "tart" {
   // A (hopefully) temporary workaround for Virtualization.Framework's
   // installation process not fully finishing in a timely manner
   create_grace_time = "30s"
+
+  // Keep the recovery partition, otherwise it's not possible to "softwareupdate"
+  recovery_partition = "keep"
 }
 
 build {
@@ -118,4 +125,22 @@ build {
       "sysadminctl -screenLock off -password admin",
     ]
   }
+
+  provisioner "shell" {
+    inline = [
+      # Install command-line tools
+      "touch /tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress",
+      "softwareupdate --list | sed -n 's/.*Label: \\(Command Line Tools for Xcode-.*\\)/\\1/p' | xargs -I {} softwareupdate --install '{}'",
+      "rm /tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress",
+    ]
+  }
+
+  provisioner "ansible" {
+    playbook_file = "ansible/playbook-system-updater.yml"
+    ansible_env_vars = [
+      "ANSIBLE_TRANSPORT=paramiko",
+      "ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=False",
+    ]
+    use_proxy = false
+  }
 }

templates/vanilla-sonoma.pkr.hcl

@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@ packer {
       version = ">= 1.12.0"
       source  = "github.com/cirruslabs/tart"
     }
+    ansible = {
+      version = "~> 1"
+      source = "github.com/hashicorp/ansible"
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -78,6 +82,9 @@ source "tart-cli" "tart" {
   // A (hopefully) temporary workaround for Virtualization.Framework's
   // installation process not fully finishing in a timely manner
   create_grace_time = "30s"
+
+  // Keep the recovery partition, otherwise it's not possible to "softwareupdate"
+  recovery_partition = "keep"
 }
 
 build {
@@ -115,4 +122,22 @@ build {
       "sysadminctl -screenLock off -password admin",
     ]
   }
+
+  provisioner "shell" {
+    inline = [
+      # Install command-line tools
+      "touch /tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress",
+      "softwareupdate --list | sed -n 's/.*Label: \\(Command Line Tools for Xcode-.*\\)/\\1/p' | xargs -I {} softwareupdate --install '{}'",
+      "rm /tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress",
+    ]
+  }
+
+  provisioner "ansible" {
+    playbook_file = "ansible/playbook-system-updater.yml"
+    ansible_env_vars = [
+      "ANSIBLE_TRANSPORT=paramiko",
+      "ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=False",
+    ]
+    use_proxy = false
+  }
 }

templates/vanilla-ventura.pkr.hcl

@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@ packer {
       version = ">= 1.12.0"
       source  = "github.com/cirruslabs/tart"
     }
+    ansible = {
+      version = "~> 1"
+      source = "github.com/hashicorp/ansible"
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -86,6 +90,9 @@ source "tart-cli" "tart" {
   // A (hopefully) temporary workaround for Virtualization.Framework's
   // installation process not fully finishing in a timely manner
   create_grace_time = "30s"
+
+  // Keep the recovery partition, otherwise it's not possible to "softwareupdate"
+  recovery_partition = "keep"
 }
 
 build {
@@ -124,4 +131,22 @@ build {
       "defaults -currentHost write com.apple.screensaver idleTime 0"
     ]
   }
+
+  provisioner "shell" {
+    inline = [
+      # Install command-line tools
+      "touch /tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress",
+      "softwareupdate --list | sed -n 's/.*Label: \\(Command Line Tools for Xcode-.*\\)/\\1/p' | xargs -I {} softwareupdate --install '{}'",
+      "rm /tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress",
+    ]
+  }
+
+  provisioner "ansible" {
+    playbook_file = "ansible/playbook-system-updater.yml"
+    ansible_env_vars = [
+      "ANSIBLE_TRANSPORT=paramiko",
+      "ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=False",
+    ]
+    use_proxy = false
+  }
 }

templates/xcode.pkr.hcl

@@ -240,6 +240,17 @@ build {
     ]
   }
 
+  # Compatibility with GitHub Actions Runner Images, where
+  # /usr/local/bin belongs to the default user. Also see [2].
+  #
+  # [1]: https://github.com/actions/runner-images/blob/6bbddd20d76d61606bea5a0133c950cc44c370d3/images/macos/scripts/build/configure-machine.sh#L96
+  # [2]: https://github.com/actions/runner-images/discussions/7607
+  provisioner "shell" {
+    inline = [
+      "sudo chown admin /usr/local/bin"
+    ]
+  }
+
   # Wait for the "update_dyld_sim_shared_cache" process[1][2] to finish
   # to avoid wasting CPU cycles after boot
   #