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<meta name="description" content="How to use a special version of the generic Pico HID to emulate a PS/2 keyboard and mouse emulator on DIY PiKVM V1">
<meta name="author" content="Maxim Devaev">
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<title>The Pico HID - PS/2 Bridge - PiKVM Handbook</title>
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The Pico HID - PS/2 Bridge
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Configuring PiKVM
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WebRTC configuration
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Tuning HDMI EDID
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HDMI passthrough
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ATX board
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USB configuration
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USB passthrough
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Audio / Microphone
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Keyboard &amp; mouse
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Keyboard &amp; mouse
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Mouse modes
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Mouse jiggler
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Pico HID (USB, PS/2)
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Bluetooth HID
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Mass Storage Drive
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Ethernet-over-USB
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Serial-over-USB
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GPIO (pins, relays, lamps, etc)
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<h1>The Pico HID - PS/2 Bridge</h1>
<div><div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Pico requirements</p>
<p><a href="https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-pico/">Raspberri Pi Pico</a>
(the first model) based on RP2040 microcontroller is required.
Pico 2 is not supported right now.</p>
</div>
<p>The Pico HID Bridge is a special version of the <a href="../pico_hid/">generic Pico HID</a>.
It is a PS/2 keyboard and mouse emulator that connects to PiKVM via USB-A.
Unlike generic <a href="../pico_hid/">Pico HID</a> and legacy <a href="../arduino_hid/">Arduino HID</a>,
it doesn't require SPI wiring with GPIO.</p>
<p>It is suitable for all devices except V4 Mini and DIY based on Zero 2 W board.</p>
<p>At one end it connects to USB-A on PiKVM, on the other side it has two PS/2 connectors for keyboard and mouse:</p>
<p><a href="pico_hid_bridge_ps2.jpg"><img src="pico_hid_bridge_ps2.jpg" width="500"></a></p>
<p>In addition, on PiKVM V2+, the use of Pico the HID Bridge does not exclude the use of a regular USB OTG port with Mass Storage emulation.
Thus, on V2+ you will be able to use PS/2 and USB Mass Storage at the same time, and even switch between OTG HID and <a href="../pico_hid/">Pico HID</a>.</p>
<hr>
<h2 id="making-the-bridge">Making the Bridge<a class="headerlink" href="#making-the-bridge" title="Permanent link"></a></h2>
<ul>
<li><em>x1</em> <a href="https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-pico/">Raspberry Pi Pico board</a> with soldered pins.</li>
<li><em>x1</em> USB-A to Micro-USB cable.</li>
<li><em>x1</em> 3.3V/5V bi-directional logic level shifter <a href="https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/bi-directional-logic-level-converter-hookup-guide/">like this</a>.</li>
<li><em>x2</em> PS/2 cable with male connector.</li>
<li><em>x2</em> Small dip jumpers.</li>
</ul>
<p>Make sure that the level shifter pinout matches the scheme, and connect everything according to the <a href="https://pico.pinout.xyz">Pico pinout</a>.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code> &gt;&gt;&gt; To the PC &lt;&lt;&lt;
_________________
| |
Pico GP11 ______| LV1 HV1 |______ PS/2 keyboard data
Pico GP12 ______| LV2 HV2 |______ PS/2 keyboard clock
Pico GP13 ______| LV HV |______ PS/2 5V
Pico GND ______| GND GND |______ PS/2 GND
Pico GP14 ______| LV3 HV3 |______ PS/2 mouse data
Pico GP15 ______| LV4 HV4 |______ PS/2 mouse clock
|_________________|
</code></pre></div>
<p>You can take the 5V power line from one of the PS/2, for example from the keyboard,
or from both at once, but use a multimeter to make sure that both PS/2 female
connectors have the same line.</p>
<p><a class="glightbox" data-type="image" data-width="95%" data-height="auto" href="../pico_hid/ps2_pinout.png" data-desc-position="bottom"><img src="../pico_hid/ps2_pinout.png"></a></p>
<p>PS/2 female socket pinout on the motherboard is the same for the keyboard and the mouse.
A purple socket usually corresponds to the keyboard, and a green one to the mouse.
If your motherboard only has one port, it's probably universal and can be used for both
the keyboard and the mouse. Most likely, it will be painted both colors.</p>
<p>Use a multimeter to determine the purpose of the wires in your PS/2 cables.</p>
<p>A good idea is to mount the level shifter on top of the Pico, as in this photo:</p>
<p><a class="glightbox" data-type="image" data-width="95%" data-height="auto" href="../pico_hid/ps2_level_shifter_soldering.png" data-desc-position="bottom"><img src="../pico_hid/ps2_level_shifter_soldering.png" width="300"></a></p>
<p>Finally, install DIP jumpers to soldered pins of the Pico to enable PS/2 and Bridge modes:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>GP2 &lt;-&gt; GND</code></li>
<li><code>GP5 &lt;-&gt; GND</code></li>
</ul>
<p>Like this:</p>
<p><a href="pico_hid_bridge_ps2_jumpers.jpg"><img src="pico_hid_bridge_ps2_jumpers.jpg" width="500"></a></p>
<hr>
<h2 id="ps2-passthrough">PS/2 passthrough<a class="headerlink" href="#ps2-passthrough" title="Permanent link"></a></h2>
<p>This optional addon allows to use a real PS/2 keyboard and mouse together with emulated by PiKVM.</p>
<p>These two ports work as PS/2 inputs and are passed through to the PS/2 output ports.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code> &gt;&gt;&gt; To the REAL keyboard and mouse &lt;&lt;&lt;
_________________
| |
Pico GP26 ______| LV1 HV1 |______ PS/2 keyboard data
Pico GP27 ______| LV2 HV2 |______ PS/2 keyboard clock
Pico GP13 _____| LV HV |______ PS/2 5V
Pico GND ______| GND GND |______ PS/2 GND
Pico GP16 ______| LV3 HV3 |______ PS/2 mouse data
Pico GP17 ______| LV4 HV4 |______ PS/2 mouse clock
|_________________|
</code></pre></div>
<hr>
<h2 id="flashing-the-firmware">Flashing the firmware<a class="headerlink" href="#flashing-the-firmware" title="Permanent link"></a></h2>
<p>To upload the firmware to Pico HID, you can use any computer with a USB port.</p>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://github.com/pikvm/kvmd/releases">Download</a> the latest release of the firmware. The file is called <code>pico-hid.uf2</code>.</li>
<li>Press and hold the white button on the Pico board.</li>
<li>While still holding the button, plug it in the computer using a USB cable.</li>
<li>Release the button.</li>
<li>The Pico board appears as a flash drive on your computer.</li>
<li>Copy the <code>pico-hid.uf2</code> file to this flash drive.</li>
<li>Safely eject the USB device.</li>
</ol>
<p>If you want to compile the firmware yourself, you can find the source code <a href="https://github.com/pikvm/kvmd/tree/master/hid/pico">here</a>.</p>
<hr>
<h2 id="the-final-steps">The final steps<a class="headerlink" href="#the-final-steps" title="Permanent link"></a></h2>
<p>Connect the Pico HID to the target host using PS/2 cable and USB to USB-A port on PiKVM.</p>
<p>Add following lines to the PiKVM configuration and reboot it:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>/etc/kvmd/override.yaml</code>:
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">kvmd</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">hid</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">serial</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">device</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/dev/kvmd-hid-bridge</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">reset_pin</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">-1</span>
</code></pre></div></li>
</ul></div>
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