diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 20a8f67f..cb4904c5 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 - [#3238](https://github.com/oauth2-proxy/oauth2-proxy/pull/3238) chore: Replace pkg/clock with narrowly targeted stub clocks (@dsymonds)
 - [#3237](https://github.com/oauth2-proxy/oauth2-proxy/pull/3237) - feat: add option to use organization id for preferred username in Google Provider (@pixeldrew)
 - [GHSA-vjrc-mh2v-45x6](https://github.com/oauth2-proxy/oauth2-proxy/security/advisories/GHSA-vjrc-mh2v-45x6) fix: request header smuggling by stripping all normalized header variants (@tuunit)
+- [#1933](https://github.com/oauth2-proxy/oauth2-proxy/pull/1933) fix: validation of refreshed sessions using the access_token in the OIDC provider (@gysel / @tuunit)
 
 # V7.12.0
 
diff --git a/pkg/apis/sessions/session_state.go b/pkg/apis/sessions/session_state.go
index 5b063c3f..a1f807ab 100644
--- a/pkg/apis/sessions/session_state.go
+++ b/pkg/apis/sessions/session_state.go
@@ -29,8 +29,9 @@ type SessionState struct {
 	PreferredUsername string   `msgpack:"pu,omitempty"`
 
 	// Internal helpers, not serialized
-	Clock func() time.Time `msgpack:"-"` // override for time.Now, for testing
-	Lock  Lock             `msgpack:"-"`
+	Clock     func() time.Time `msgpack:"-"` // override for time.Now, for testing
+	Lock      Lock             `msgpack:"-"`
+	Refreshed bool             `msgpack:"-"` // indicates whether the session was refreshed
 }
 
 func (s *SessionState) now() time.Time {
diff --git a/providers/oidc.go b/providers/oidc.go
index 15598aba..eeac4073 100644
--- a/providers/oidc.go
+++ b/providers/oidc.go
@@ -110,11 +110,24 @@ func (p *OIDCProvider) EnrichSession(_ context.Context, s *sessions.SessionState
 	return nil
 }
 
-// ValidateSession checks that the session's IDToken is still valid
+// ValidateSession checks that the session's id_token or access_token (when a ValidateURL is configured) is still valid
 func (p *OIDCProvider) ValidateSession(ctx context.Context, s *sessions.SessionState) bool {
 	ctx = oidc.ClientContext(ctx, requests.DefaultHTTPClient)
-	_, err := p.Verifier.Verify(ctx, s.IDToken)
-	if err != nil {
+
+	// https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#RefreshTokenResponse
+	// The ID Token is optional in the Refresh Token Response
+	// TODO: @tuunit remove dependency on refreshed flag and only rely on presence of access_token
+	// in accordance with the spec. For now, keep existing behavior.
+	if s.Refreshed {
+		if !validateToken(ctx, p, s.AccessToken, makeOIDCHeader(s.AccessToken)) {
+			logger.Errorf("access_token validation failed")
+			return false
+		}
+
+		return true
+	}
+
+	if _, err := p.Verifier.Verify(ctx, s.IDToken); err != nil {
 		logger.Errorf("id_token verification failed: %v", err)
 		return false
 	}
@@ -122,8 +135,8 @@ func (p *OIDCProvider) ValidateSession(ctx context.Context, s *sessions.SessionS
 	if p.SkipNonce {
 		return true
 	}
-	err = p.checkNonce(s)
-	if err != nil {
+
+	if err := p.checkNonce(s); err != nil {
 		logger.Errorf("nonce verification failed: %v", err)
 		return false
 	}
@@ -147,7 +160,8 @@ func (p *OIDCProvider) RefreshSession(ctx context.Context, s *sessions.SessionSt
 }
 
 // redeemRefreshToken uses a RefreshToken with the RedeemURL to refresh the
-// Access Token and (probably) the ID Token.
+// Access Token and (optionally) the ID Token.
+// https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#RefreshTokenResponse
 func (p *OIDCProvider) redeemRefreshToken(ctx context.Context, s *sessions.SessionState) error {
 	clientSecret, err := p.GetClientSecret()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -250,6 +264,7 @@ func (p *OIDCProvider) createSession(ctx context.Context, token *oauth2.Token, r
 
 	ss.CreatedAtNow()
 	ss.SetExpiresOn(token.Expiry)
+	ss.Refreshed = refresh
 
 	return ss, nil
 }